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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - British Virgin Islands (2005)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z British Virgin Islands (2005)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)British Virgin Islands (2005)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)British Virgin Islands
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 21% (male 2,400/female 2,358)


15-64 years: 73.9% (male 8,607/female 8,115)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 614/female 549) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products fruits, vegetables; livestock, poultry; fish
Airports 5 (2002) 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 153 sq km


land: 153 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: comprised of 16 inhabited and more than 20 uninhabited islands; includes the island of Anegada
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. First settled by the Dutch in 1648, the islands were annexed in 1672 by the English. The economy is closely tied to the larger and more populous US Virgin Islands to the west; the US dollar is the legal currency.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 14.96 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $121.5 million


expenditures: $115.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)
Capital Stanley Road Town
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
Coastline 1,288 km 80 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 1 June 1977
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: British Virgin Islands


abbreviation: BVI
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) -
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $NA $36.1 million (1997)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force none
Economic aid - recipient none NA
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. The economy, one of the most stable and prosperous in the Caribbean, is highly dependent on tourism, generating an estimated 45% of the national income. An estimated 350,000 tourists, mainly from the US, visited the islands in 1998. Tourism suffered in 2002 because of the lackluster US economy. In the mid-1980s, the government began offering offshore registration to companies wishing to incorporate in the islands, and incorporation fees now generate substantial revenues. Roughly 400,000 companies were on the offshore registry by yearend 2000. The adoption of a comprehensive insurance law in late 1994, which provides a blanket of confidentiality with regulated statutory gateways for investigation of criminal offenses, is expected to make the British Virgin Islands even more attractive to international business. Livestock raising is the most important agricultural activity; poor soils limit the islands' ability to meet domestic food requirements. Because of traditionally close links with the US Virgin Islands, the British Virgin Islands has used the dollar as its currency since 1959.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) 33.74 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) 36.28 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Sage 521 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster limited natural fresh water resources (except for a few seasonal streams and springs on Tortola, most of the islands' water supply comes from wells and rainwater catchments)
Ethnic groups British black 83%, white, Indian, Asian and mixed
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Tom MACAN (since 14 October 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Orlando D. SMITH (since 17 June 2003)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports NA (2001) NA
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat rum, fresh fish, fruits, animals; gravel, sand
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 April - 31 March
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 1.8%


industry: 6.2%


services: 92% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $38,500 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 18 30 N, 64 30 W
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
total: 177 km


paved: 177 km


unpaved: 0 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe; large offshore financial center makes it vulnerable to money laundering
Imports NA (2001) NA
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs, machinery
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism tourism, light industry, construction, rum, concrete block, offshore financial center
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 18.05 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.02 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 2.5% (2003)
International organization participation ICFTU Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, OECS (associate), UNESCO (associate), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 12,770 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 6.67%


other: 73.33% (2001)
Languages English English (official)
Legal system English common law English law
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral Legislative Council (13 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, one member from each of 9 electoral districts, four at-large members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 16 May 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NDP 8, VIP 5
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 76.49 years


male: 75.41 years


female: 77.62 years (2005 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.8% (1991 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Caribbean, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Map references South America Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 83,825 GRT/155,909 DWT


by type: cargo 1


registered in other countries: 7 (2005)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Territory Day, 1 July
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: British Virgin Islander(s)


adjective: British Virgin Islander
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss NEGL
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 10.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United Party or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T. O'NEAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 22,643 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) 2.06% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Road Town
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2004)
Railways 0 km -
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Protestant 86% (Methodist 33%, Anglican 17%, Church of God 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 15%), Roman Catholic 10%, none 2%, other 2% (1991)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.12 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: worldwide telephone service


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-284; submarine cable to Bermuda
Telephones - main lines in use NA 11,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 8,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
1 (plus one cable company) (1997)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 1.72 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 3% (1995)
Waterways none -
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